20 June 2023: Database Analysis
COVID-19 Pandemic and Healthcare Communication: A Patient-Centric Evaluation of Treatment and Diagnostic Procedures in Poland
Zbigniew Izdebski 12ABFG , Joanna Mazur 2ABCDEFG , Alicja Kozakiewicz 2ABEFG* , Agnieszka Żeromska-Michniewicz 3EF , Jakub Berezowski 4AEFDOI: 10.12659/MSM.940227
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e940227
Table 1 The characteristics of the patients (N=1860) treated during the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of health assessment and medical services received.
| N | % | |
|---|---|---|
| Self-rated health | ||
| Poor or rather poor | 404 | 21.8 |
| Average | 573 | 30.9 |
| Good or very good | 877 | 47.3 |
| Chronic conditions | ||
| Yes | 1123 | 60.4 |
| No | 592 | 31.8 |
| Don’t know/refusal | 145 | 7.8 |
| Place of treatment within the last 24 months* | ||
| Hospital as an inpatient for at least 1 day | 450 | 24.2 |
| One day hospital/clinic as a patient | 192 | 10.3 |
| Hospital Emergency Department (ED | 358 | 19.2 |
| Hospital outpatient clinic | 804 | 43.2 |
| Independent outpatient clinic | 1272 | 68.4 |
| Specialist’s office | 1033 | 55.5 |
| Healthcare within the last 24 months | ||
| Only public healthcare within the National Health Fund (NFZ) | 804 | 43.2 |
| Only private healthcare | 52 | 2.8 |
| Public and private healthcare | 1004 | 54.0 |
| Funding of private healthcare within the last 24 months (N=1056)* | ||
| Exclusively with own funds | 823 | 77.9 |
| Exclusively from the NFZ | 111 | 10.5 |
| Partially NFZ with a contribution of own funds | 230 | 21.8 |
| Other forms of financing | 88 | 8.3 |
| Mode of healthcare delivery within the last 24 months | ||
| All remote (telephone, video conference, chat) | 32 | 1.7 |
| All face-to-face | 1058 | 58.6 |
| Both face-to-face and remote | 770 | 41.4 |
| Treatment for SARS-CoV-2 virus | ||
| Did not receive treatment | 1107 | 59.5 |
| Self-treatment at home | 513 | 27.6 |
| Treated by a doctor or in hospital | 240 | 12.9 |
| * Due to multiple responses, the percentages do not add up to 100%. | ||